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5. Notauli distinctly (a1) complete or faintly (a2, a3) complete; scutellum (a1, a2) usually with distinct sublateral grooves that usually curve to meet posteriorly, but sometimes (b1) with nearly parallel grooves that may not apparently meet. Males usually without branched flagellomeres [short branches in Paraolinx, Deutereulophus, and Grotiusomyia], flagellum essentially similar to that of females. Propodeum (a1) mostly shiny (rarely with some rugae), with a strong median carina.
6. Elachertus group and convergent species.
5'. Notauli (aa1) incomplete or absent [May need careful examination with very good lighting for a few forms; doubtful cases should be tried both ways]; scutellum almost never with sublateral grooves, but sometimes with parallel submedian grooves not meeting posteriorly. Male antenna (cc1) usually with 2-3 branched funicular segments. Propodeum variable, but often without median carina or with uniformly reticulate median panels.
18. Eulophus group and convergent species.
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Image credits: a1: Schauff (1985c). a2: Schauff (1985b). aa1, a3, b1: Schauff, et al. (1997). cc1: Boucek (1959a).