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SAHARAN NEOLITHIC LANGUAGE A review derived from the following: Nyland, Edo. 2001. Linguistic Archaeology: AnIntroduction. Trafford Publ., Victoria, B.C., Canada. ISBN 1-55212-668-4. 541 p. ----Please CLICK on desired underlined categories [to
search for Subject
Matter, depress Ctrl/F ]:
The Saharan Language, which was developed from the Igbo Language of West Africa,
is believed to have been used by linguists to invent all the
"Indo-European" and Semitic languages, including Sanskrit, Greek,
Latin, German, Hebrew, Yiddish etc. Nyland
(2001). This was done with the use of
different formulaic manipulations of the Saharan vocabulary, creating largely
invented (non-genetic) language
"families". In Genesis 11:1 this language is said to be spoken in
the whole world and, even though this statement is not entirely
correct, it may be called the Universal language, which had been the
language of the first civilization on earth, located in North Africa and the
Near East. It is still spoken in unmanipulated, but over time altered, form
by the Dravidians of India, the Basques of Euskadi and the Ainu of
Japan. Genesis 11:7 states,
"Come, let us confuse their language that they may no longer understand
one another's speech". The clergy of Judaism, Christianity and
Islam considered this a holy command and spent an enormous, and long
sustained, effort to bring about this confusion. The formula used by them in
most of the artificially constructed vocabularies
is called the "vowel-interlocking" or "VCV Formula". The Basque language is thought to be the closest to the ancient Saharan
language and has the best English dictionary (Nyland
2001). In most cases, the first 2, 3
or 4 letters of each Basque word were agglutinated into a new word. After
this was done, some or many of the vowels and h's were removed according to a
plan to give the new words special characteristics. In Hebrew most, if not
all, of the vowels were removed for writing, but not for speaking e.g.
Talmud, was spelled 'lmd' but pronounced 'tal-mud', from Basque tala -
mudapen, watch out - alteration: "Watch out for alteration",
which is basic to an oral law. It is the task of
the linguistic archaeologist to look at languages before the invention of writing, to search the very
roots of such languages; the subject could also be called pre-historical
linguistics but that name would still be part of the fortress called
linguistics. To make this process at least plausible, other disciplines such
as religion, mythology, archaeology and historical linguistics must be
included, while earlier research and hypotheses in this field should be
carefully re-examined.
Many languages, including such early languages as Hebrew and Sanskrit,
were created by formulaic manipulation of Basque vocabulary. However, the
name Basque, or more accurately Bask because there is no Q in the language,
did not exist at the time this language invention was done. There must have
been an earlier form of this language available to the linguists doing this
manipulation. But where did it come from and what was it like? The research
done by Dr. N. Lahovary and published in his book "Dravidian Origins and the West" shows conclusively that Basque and the old Dravidian
languages of India are closely related. Nyland’s research into the Ainu language of Japan shows the same. The Ainu are thought
to have been isolated in the Far East for as long as 8,000 years, yet they
retain an early, non-agglutinated, form of Saharan, thus the original
language must have been very old. These startling finds seem to indicates
that the precursor of the Basque language was spoken very early in Europe,
Africa and Asia, just like Genesis 11:1 tells us: "Now the whole world
spoke one language". Nyland suggested that the forerunner of the Basque,
Dravidian and Ainu languages was the Saharan language and that the language
spoken in the beautifully painted cathedral caves in southern France and
northern Spain was an early form of the same. However, this early form of the
language cannot have been the one used by the early religious scholars doing
the inventing of new languages such as Sanskrit. They used a later,
manipulated, form that was constructed with
agglutination. It employed the
vowel-consonant-vowel interlocking principle.
That many words in the Saharan/Basque vocabulary are artificially
assembled is obvious from words like alkar, meaning mutual.
It comes from three Basque roots: al-ka-ar: al. - .ka - ar. This is a very good definition of the
meaning: 'mutual'. Applying the same system of analysis to other words, it
becomes clear that thousands of Basque words have been similarly assembled
using the VCV vowel-interlocking system (see VCV Formula), but not all. Underneath this artificial vocabulary lies a non-invented, non-agglutinated Basque language, but
how can this be explained? Is it possible that this substratum Basque language
is still spoken somewhere? The Basque word zahar means old, and the name Sahara could
therefore be interpreted as "the old country", but the Basque ‘z’ and
the ‘s’, which is pronounced as ‘sh’, are quite different letters so zahar
may not be the origin of the name Sahara. However, there appears to be another meaning embedded in "Sahara".
It is analyzed as: .sa-aha-ara. Could
this interpretation of the name mean that the original language had been
refined or developed by early linguists? The logical and highly organized structure
of the Basque language surely seems to support this possibility. The name
used by the Basques for their own language is "Euskera",
analyzed as: eu - us. - .ke - era
In order to bury the true meaning of the word, the Roman Catholic
church changed the quite obvious ‘.ke’ for ‘ake’ to '.ka' so that now we have
both Euskera and Euskara in the dictionary. De Basaldua (1925)
called his native language "Eskera" and explained the meaning as esk (hand) and the ending era as form, wave, grace, beautiful, good,
and he pulled these words together to mean "way to move the
hand; wave with grace" which, he said, was also called 'ademan'
in Spanish, meaning gesture (see p. 55). This meaning is difficult to accept because it appears to
have little bearing on the language. Instead, we are apparently dealing here
with words belonging to the first civilization on earth. This civilization
had evolved so greatly that the substratum language was no longer adequate to
describe their achievements in astronomy, mathematics, acoustics, navigation,
religion etc. Therefore, a system had
to be found to expand the language. The VCV vowel-interlocking structure was
the result of their search for a practical expressive language. There seems
little doubt that the Basque language is a direct descendant of this original
Saharan language and that this language has not changed very much for several
millennia, probably because of the extremely careful oral transmission
traditions used in their educational system, passing the language on from
generation to generation without changes. STAGES IN
DEVELOPMENT OF BASQUE Many
people have theorized about how language began, some suggesting that the
first words used were imitations of spontaneous articulation of sounds in nature,
such as animal cries, expressions of pain, happiness, fear etc. Others
searched for the origin by studying the first utterings of small children.
English possesses a large number of onomatopoeic words such as crack, bang,
splash, splatter, bash, thrash, thump etc. It is certain that such
onomatopoeia play a role in language formation but it is doubtful that such
words are the origin or main source of the language. Basque contains more
onomatopoeia than any other language but Paleolithic words such as aitz (rock, stone), ur (water), euri (rain), lur (earth, soil, floor), elur (snow) and izotz (ice) have no
onomatopoeic origin. The
well-known linguist Noam Chomsky reasoned that the structural facets of language, the
ground rules of speech, had to be inborn. If that is the case, speech must be
very old. Building on this thinking,, the Saharan language must have gone
through at least three main stages such as:
Stage 1) the basic, natural language evolved
during the Paleolithic and early Neolithic, prior to ca 8,000 B.C. It appears
that the words in this language mostly named tangible items.
Stage 2) the perfection of clear vowel
differentiation and the introduction of onomatopoeia, starting about 8,000
B.C. This non-agglutinated phase of the language was taken east to become the
basis of the Ainu and Dravidian languages.
It is still spoken today by some 170 million people. This vocabulary
included many intangible items.
Stage 3) the invention of morphemic agglutination which resulted
in the development of a greatly diversified vocabulary in which each one of
the new words started with vowel-consonant-vowel (VCV), a process that was
probably completed by 4,000 B.C.
Making a description or comment pertaining to the thought to be
expressed created the new words, and the morphemes were then assembled to
create words needed in science and technology. The earliest invented languages of the Near East, such as Hittite,
Luvian, Palaic, and Sumerian etc. were later constructed
out of this invented vocabulary, starting possibly shortly before 2,000 B.C. It may
not be possible to reconstruct Stage 1, but the existence of the Dravidian
languages with their well-established relationship to Basque, may make it
possible to reconstruct many of the words and much of the grammar of Stage 2.
Nyland’s work in linguistic archaeology up to now has mostly been based on
Stage 3, because the built-in sentence in many of the agglutinated words,
created with the VCV formula, can still be restored with his system of
decoding. Research into the vocabulary and sentence structure of Stage 2, of
necessity, will require a thorough knowledge of the Dravidian languages, such
as Dr. N. Lahovary possessed. Detailed
study of the enormous stone monuments in Egypt have brought home the
realization that sciences such as mathematics, astronomy and acoustics were
highly developed and applied, long before the time of the Greeks and
Arabs. We also know that magic played
a big role in the thinking of these people, which tended to promote
dedication to the task at hand and resulted in superior achievements. The
Ogam research by Anthony Jackson, anthropologist at Edinburgh University, shows that prime
numbers, which are numbers that cannot be divided by any whole number, were
ascribed superior magical properties. Another
source of magical fascination was the mirror-like patterns in numbers e.g.
121, 87178, 1399931, most composed of odd-numbered digits. A special case is 'Pi'
parsed here to make certain groups stand out more. Note in about 17 characters
the combination 238-46-2-46-832 forms a typical sort of
mirror-like characteristic: 3.14-15-926-535-89-793-238-46-2-64-33-832-795-02-88-41-9-71-69- Searching in there,
you see numbers like 793 and 795, 751 and 749, 582 and 592 and the sequence
at the end where 640 links to 620 with an overlapping link of 628 and 6280
with 8998 in between. It is not surprising that 'Pi' was a major source of
magical fascination for the mathematicians of the pre-patriarchal
civilization. Another very
important number in modern science and especially to the ancient Egyptians
was the natural log E = 2.718281828459.... note the mirrored
numbers 828-1-828. It is created by the series: 1 + 1/1! +
1/2! + 1/3! + 1/4! where the exclamation mark means "factorial".
(4! means 4 x 3 x 2 x 1). Apparently, the
early scholars developed a "symbolic mathematical language"
that was embedded in their monumental structures. The measurements of the
great pyramid at Gizeh show many such mirror-like numbers according to Jim
Branson in Idaho, who studies the acoustical characteristics of the spaces in
the pyramid. This mathematical
language magic was also used in the formation of Stage 3, the improved and
enriched Saharan language we know today as Basque. The mirror-like
VCV pattern became the basic structure of the new morphemes. These
were used to construct the new vocabulary that has vowel interlocking as the
main rule. Where vowel interlocking is interrupted, a break in the word is
required which usually means that a new word begins. Vowel
interlocking may have been another form of magic with letters and, thanks to
it, the hidden sentences in many Saharan/Basque words can be recovered. This
system proved to be so successful that the scholars who made up the new
Semitic and Indo-European languages, adopted the practice of abbreviating the
word to be used to the first three letters, of which the last vowel of the
first VCV had to be the same as the first vowel of the to be agglutinated
VCV: VCV1 - V1CV2 - V2CV3 - V3CV4 - V4CV The Sanskrit language was made up almost entirely out of that half
of the Saharan language which starts with VCV, while the scholars creating
the Romance languages and English used the same system as a priority but
quite often felt obliged to use a CV word for the first morpheme. For the
Semitic and Germanic languages the entire Saharan/Basque vocabulary was used
and a new letter, the ‘w’, a letter without meaning or Saharan origin, was
introduced. ORGANIZATION OF THE
VCV SYLLABLES The
reorganization of the Saharan language, done millennia ago, was so far-reaching
that even today half of the Basque vocabulary is made up of the Saharan
scholars’ invented words. The basis for the VCV
structure was the 16 consonants, each flanked by two vowels. Starting with B
the first VCV would be ABA which was subdivided into five syllable groups,
ABA, EBA, IBA, OBA, UBA , each of which was composed of five syllables: ABA,
ABE, ABI, ABO, ABU / EBA , EBE, EBI, EBO, EBU / IBA, etc., 25 in all. Each of
the 15 consonant therefore was associated with 25 VCV syllables for a grand
400 syllables. In addition there was the double RR (pronounced as a rolling
R), with 25 VCCV morphemes, ARRA, ARRE, ARRI etc. making a total of 425
different roots. Most of these morphemes were assigned groups of related
words, others had only a single meaning (e.g. EBO for: ‘to develop’ or UTO
for ‘utopia’) and a large number was left free for future expansion of the
language (e.g. EBU, IMO). A great deal of thought must have gone into the
composition of these word groups because even today it is not difficult to
select from them the correct word which was used in the make up of the hidden
sentence. As is usual with invented words, some of these over time may have
been dropped or forgotten through non-use, which would have freed some of the
VCV’s for other words or non-use. For instance, one of these may well be the
verb ulatu, which still is used in some Polynesian languages as hulatu, meaning 'to welcome'. Hula girls dancing a welcome meet visitors to Hawaii at
the airport. It appears that the system was never completed because there are
still about 106 out of 425 VCV’s without vocabulary designations. See the VCV Dictionary.
The basic idea for bringing about this mass language conversion
project came from the marvelously organized Saharan/Basque language itself
(Stage 3). Here follow some of the words and names used by the Basques
themselves, which show the VCV manipulation process of the original language. SAHARAN / BASQUE, AN
AGGLUTINATED LANGUAGE Webster's
dictionary defines "agglutination"
as: "Word formation in which the morphemes retain an independence of
meaning and form, rather than fusing or blending with combining
elements". This is a rather inadequate definition because not only whole
morphemes, but also parts of morphemes, as small as one or two letters, and
whole words were being agglutinated and fused. In this text, Nyland used dots
to replace the letters that were removed. In the case of double vowels an 'h'
is often omitted. The 'rr' morphemes are classed with the VCV's. Combining
complete words: jokaleku (playing field) gurdibide (cart path) Combining
only VCVs: ainguratu (to anchor) errukizko (merciful) ezpatalari (swordsman) izigarrikeria (atrocity) laranja (orange) mendebaleko (of the west) Vitoria, merezi (merit) Combining
a VCCV with VCV's. ospegabeko (unknown) (was: otspegabeko) ustekabezia (unforeseen) Combining
a full word and VCVs: larkeria (excess) zabaltasun (openness, honesty) zorigabeko (dismal) Combining
CV and VCV morphemes: Bizkay, Zuberoa, Pyrenees, kaiku (wooden bowl for
boiling milk) Using a
combination of CV, VCV and VCCVs such as in:
Gipuzkoa .gi-ipu-uz. ' ko-o.a Bask, aritz (oak tree) gorputz (body)
Recently encoded words lack the interlocking structure, such as maribidetako, which has to be a new
word because prostitution probably only came into being when the male
dominated religion arrived. The ancient VCV word construction system had
apparently been forgotten or abandoned. maribidetako (prostitute) The re-organization of the language was consistently done in
groups of related words. In the Basque language almost all words connected
with water contain the root 'ur' (water). Descriptive terms were then attached to designate the
kind of water. A small sampling is given and compared here with the English
equivalents, many of which appear strangely unconnected and artificial among
them.
The only way to
explain the reason for the English words to be so very different and unconnected
among themselves is to show the way in which they were constructed
with the use of the vowel-interlocking VCV formula, which can then be used to
restore the hidden meaning in most of the words (see English
Etymological Vocabulary). BASQUE, A HIGHLY
ORGANIZED LANGUAGE Although
the grammar of Basque is complicated, difficult to learn for an English
speaker and obviously evolved over a long time, the vocabulary is so well
organized, even regimented, that it cannot have evolved naturally over time
into this condition and obviously has been scholarly arranged in a fairly
short time. As all the early-invented languages
such as Sumerian, Hebrew, Sanskrit etc. use this VCV system (see VCV Formula), the agglutination of the Saharan language must have been done
first, since 3,000 bce. Almost exactly half of the Basque vocabulary starts
with vowel-consonant-vowel or VCV, two vowels flanking one consonant. Some of
these vowels may be omitted in the word invention process, but the consonant
is always retained. One exception is the consonant 'h' which may or may not
be shown in the dictionary or used in the invention process e.g. both andi and handi (large, enormous)
are found in the dictionary, or elberri and helberri (newly arrived); the 'h' is often removed from words, even
dialects. The
Benedictine monks, who created all the west-European languages, were at first
instructed in the word invention science by the people who worked on the
Latin language in Rome and had been developing it into the liturgical
language of the Roman Catholic church. These highly educated and dedicated
monks then fanned out over western Europe, established mission stations with
scriptoria, created libraries and started the language invention process. For
over 1000 years they employed non-Benedictine grammarians who spoke the
Saharan/Basque language, probably originating from Liguria in the Alps and
from Euskadi in the Pyrenees region. In the monks' writings it is often
indicated that there are children in the monasteries; most of these belonged
to the families of the grammarians. In addition, young boys were sent by
their parents to the monastery residential school, to be trained as deacons,
monks and linguists just like Alcuin had been, a practice still followed in
several Benedictine monasteries to this day. The monk-linguists used a large number of tricks to make the
languages they created sound very different. First the periphrastic word
order of Basque was completely reversed, which created a fundamental
difference and became the main characteristic of the Indo-European
"family" of languages. Samples borrowed from Aulestia (p. a30): negation+auxiliary verb+complements+ main verb The intellect
that invented this reversal of the ancient periphrastic word order created
the basic structure of the "Indo-European languages". For English, the
pronunciation of the alphabet was changed from the usual Latin to the
"English" sound, which instantly caused the words to be pronounced
very differently. Relatively few vowels were removed from the Latin
agglutinations, but many more from the English ones, giving it a very
different 'feel'. Most languages received newly invented
"characteristic" letters, ô, ü, ř, ö, ń, č, etc. and/or unusual
combinations of letters such as 'eau' in French pronounced 'o', or the Dutch
'ui' pronounced something like 'oi' but can only be said properly by a
Dutchman. No doubt intended as a joke, Dutch also ended up with the
embarrassing deep throat scrape, written as 'g' or 'ch' such as in
Scheveningen, schaap, gaan, gooien, a sound that the monks probably borrowed
from Hebrew and tossed it into Dutch. Thank goodness
the Benedictines resisted these peculiar urges when they created English,
which therefore became the simplest of all to learn and speak, and eventually
became England's most successful export, in spite of its often ridiculous
pronunciation. To some languages the monks assigned a gender (male, female or
neuter) for each word e.g. in French and German, which led to dumb cases such
as the 'soldier on guard duty' who is female: "die Schildwache" in
German and "la sentinelle" in French. Holland is one of the few
countries that rid itself in this century of this incredible gender nuisance;
retaining today only the neutral form 'het' e.g. "the horse" is not
"de paard" but "het paard". Grammatical rules for each
language were invented, some more appropriate and more easy to use than the
others. Only German ended up with
endless and ungainly lists of "Ausnamen", exceptions to the
ungainly grammatical rules. However, none of these languages was saddled with
grammatical rules as complicated as the Basque grammar possesses, although
Latin came close. In English, the original
verbs were separated e.g. the 'tu' at the end of zerbitu (to serve) became
'tu zerbi' (b = v): to servi and 'to serve' in English, 'te dienen' in Dutch
and 'zu dienen' in German. In English the original 'i' was maintained in the
word 'service', broken down into zerbi-ike, serbi-ikerlari, serve-the visitor.
English is full of such Benedictine tricks. Other examples which show that
the 'tu' at the end of the Basque verbs became the 'to' before the English
verb: begitu (to look), apurtu (to break, destroy), kisitu (to whitewash), neurriratu (to regulate) etc. RETURN TO A
UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE From
Nyland’s work with the following languages it appears that all highly
developed languages, without exception, were invented
by linguists; some languages turned out more elegant and useful than others.
If this is indeed the case, then we should be entitled to start facing out
some of the unnecessary and dying ones, such as Celtic, Friesian, Wallonian,
Flemish, Catalan etc. Danish and Norwegian are almost the same so why not
combine them, as the Basques did with their seven languages, which are now
together called Euskera Batua or Unified Basque. Ukrainian
and Russian, Galician and Portuguese, Finnish and Estonian, Polish and Kashubian,
Czech and Slovak, Macedonian and Bulgarian etc. all can be combined with a
bit of good will. Why treasure something as artificial and unauthentic as the
many unnecessary and people-dividing Benedictine language creations that we
are now stuck with? Nyland
noted that the European nations were making tremendous strides to unify under
one government, one monetary system, one army, no boundaries, and now it is
time to simplify the church-caused language bewilderment and start working
toward a Unified European language, which we could call Euro Batua,
which could be English or Spanish, but not German. The third millennium A.D.
could be celebrated by starting to work toward the Universal Language, it is
long overdue. It is a pity that this Universal language cannot again be the Saharan or even the Igbo Language of our
ancestors. It is just too complicated
and too difficult to learn.
Nevertheless, Nyland hoped that the oldest highly developed language
in the entire world should not be allowed to die. Let Latin and Greek and
Sanskrit only be remembered in books, we can well do without them, but
the Basque Language must survive and be
spoken by a vibrant population, if necessary through the creation of a United
Nations Heritage Region called Euskadi. Nyland thought that it would be a
worthy project for the U.N. |