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Woodpigeon        Images © Mark A. Chappell

Woodpigeons are large, noisy inhabitants of European forests and woodlands.   In winter they flock, and are somewhat famous for a behavioral ecology study showing a sharp inverse relationship between flock size and risk of being killed by goshawks (single birds are very vulnerable; birds in large flocks are quite safe).   One of these birds was prospecting for a nest site near Bialowieza, Poland; the others were in Biebrza National Park (to the northwest of BIalowieza).

  • Canon 1D3, 800 mm lens, fill-in flash (2009)