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EXAMINATION & EXERCISES #2

 

For Invertebrate Zoology:  Nemertinea -- Echinodermata

(Contact)

 

[For answers please also refer to:  Borradaile, L. A. & F. A. Potts.  1958.  The Invertebrata.  Cambridge Univ. Press.  795 pp. and Pechenik J. A.  2004.  Biology of The Invertebrates.  5th edition. Boston:  McGraw-Hill Higher Education]

 

 

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1.  Compare Ascaris and Macracanthorhynchus as to:


             (A) body wall, (B) body cavity, (C) digestive system, (D) excretory system. (E) life cycle


2.   Compare the starfish sea urchin and sea cucumber as to:


              (A) general body plan, (B) arrangement of oss1cles, (C) number and location of genital openings, (D)

                   feeding  mechanism, (E) larval type.


3. Compare the freshwater clam, land snail and squid, as to:


              (A) shell, (B) foot, (C) respiratory structures, (D) feeding apparatus, (E) larval stage.

 


4.  Answer the following as precisely as possible:


        (A) What 2 advances in the circulatory system does the squid show, by comparison with other mollusks?


        (B) What histological peculiarity 1s common to the Nematodes,
Rotifers and Acanthocephala'?


       
(C) What specialization for over~w1ntering is found in (1) freshwater Bryozoa, (2) Rotifers?


        
(D) What is the function of the nidamental gland?


        (E) Name a sessile echinoderm.


        (F) Name a sessile mollusk.


        (G) Name a cephalopod (1) with no shell, and (2) with a well developed shell.


        (H) Name a class of mollusks with a tubular shell open at both ends.


        (I) Name a class of mollusks with an 8-piece shell


        (J) Name three phyla, in addition to the Platyhelminthes, that have flame cells.


        (K) What external morphological feature 1s common to the Bryozoa, Brachiopoda and Phoronidea?


       (L) What is the evidence that Echinoderms have evolved from bilateral ancestors?


       (M) Aside from the coiling of the shell and its contents, what indications are there in a snail such as Busycon, of

               the torsion of the body? Give three.

 

Bibliography      Citations