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GENERAL REFERENCES ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

(e.legner@ucr.edu)

Additional references may be found at:  MELVYL Library and U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

Aliniazee, M. T. & B. A. Croft. 1999. Biological control in deciduous fruit crops. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 28, 743-759, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Altieri, M. A. & C. I. Nicholls. 1999. Classical biological control in Latin America: past, present and future. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 39, p. 975-991, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (ed.). 1992. Emerging Trends in Biological Control of Phytophagous Insects. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 270 p.

Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (ed.). 1992. Dimensions of Insect-Plant Interactions. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 385 p.

Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Amer. Elsevier Publ. Co., Inc. N.Y. 316 p.

Baker, K. F. & R. J. Cook. 1974. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. W. H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco. 433 p.

Begon, M. E. & D. J. Thompson. 1992. Ecological Entomology. Blackwell Scien. Publ., Oxford.

Bellows, T. S., Jr. & T. W. Fisher, (eds) 1999. Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 1999 .

Beirne, B. P. 1975. Biological control attempts by introductions against pest insects in the field in Canada. Canad. Ent. 107(3): 225-36.

Bellows, T. S. 1999. Controlling soil-borne plant pathogens. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 26, p. 699-711, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Bellows, T. S. 1999. Foliar, flower and fruit pathogens. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 32, p. 841-851, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Bellows, T. S. 1999. Whither, hence, prometheus? The future of biological control. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 1011-1015, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Bellows, T. S. & D. H. Headrick. 1999. Arthropods and vertebrates in biological control of plants. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 17, p. 505-515, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Bellows, T. S. & T. W. Fisher (eds.). 1999. Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Bellows, T. S. & R. G. Van Driesche. 1999. Life table construction and analysis for evaluating biological control agents. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 8, p. 199-223., Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Boyce, Alfred Mullikin. 1997/1998. Odyssey of an Entomologist : adventures on the farm, at sea, and in the university / by Alfred M. Boyce ; based on taped conversations with John G. Gabbert ; edited by Elizabeth Lang and Robert Lang. Riverside, Calif. : UCRiverside Foundation, 1987, c1986.

Cameron, P. J., R. L. Hill, J. Bain & W. P. Thomas. 1989. Review of Biological Control of Invertebrate Pests and Weeds in New Zealand, 1874-1987. C.A.B. Internatl., UK. 424 p.

Carl, K. P. 1982. Biological control of native pests by introduced natural enemies. Commonw. Ins. Biol. Contr., Biocontrol News & Info. 3(3): 191-200.

Chapman, H. C. (ed.) 1985. Biological Control of Mosquitoes. Bull. No. 6, Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc. 218 p.

Charudattan, R. & H. W. Browning. 1992. Regulations and guidelines: Critical Issues in Biological Control. Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 32611. Suppl 1 = 205 p., Suppl. 2 = 41 p.

Clausen, C. P. 1940. Entomophagous Insects. McGraw-Hill Book Co., NY. & London. 688 p.

Clausen, C. P. 1951. The time factor in biological control. J. Econ. Ent. 44: 1-9.

Clausen, C. P. 1956. Biological control of insect pests in the continental United States. U. S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. No. 1139: 151 p.

Clausen, C. P., et al. 1978. Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a world review. U. S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Res. Svc., Agric. Handbook No. 480. 545 p.

Cock, M. J. W. (ed.). 1985. Review of Biological Control of Pests in the Commonwealth Caribbean and Bermuda up to 1982. C.�.B. Internatl. 218 p.

Cooper, B. 1999. Genetic mechanisms for engineering host resistance to plant viruses. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 20, p. 557-573, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Coppel, H. C. & J. W. Mertins. 1977. Biological Insect Pest Suppression. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 314 p.

Coulson, J. R., P. V. Vail, M. E. Dix, D. A. Nordlund & W. C. Kauffman (eds.). 2000. 110 years of Biological Control Research and Development in the United States Department of Agriculture: 1883-1993. USDS, ARS, Special Rpt. 645 p.

Crampton, J. & A. A. James. 1992. Insect Molecular Biology. Blackwell Scien. Publ., Oxford.

Crawley, M. J. (ed.). 1992. Natural Enemies. Blackwell Scien. Publ., Inc., Cambridge, MA. 576 p.

Dahlsten, D. L. & R. D. Hall. 1999. Biological control of insects in urban environments. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 36, p. 919-933, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Dahlsten, D. L. & N. J. Mills. 1999. Biological control of forest insects. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 29, p. 761-787, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

DeBach, P. (ed.). 1964. Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. Reinhold Publ. Co., N.Y. 844 p.

DeBach, P. 1974. Biological Control by Natural Enemies, 1st Ed. Cambridge Univ. Press. 323 p.

DeBach, P. & D. Rosen. 1991. Biological Control by Natural Enemies, 2nd. Ed. Cambridge Univ. Press. 440 p.

De Ong, E. R. 1960. Chemical and Natural Control of Pests. Reinhold, NY. 244 p.

Dodds, J. A. Cross-protection and systemic acquired resistance for control of plant diseases. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 19, p. 549-555, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Elzen, G. W. & E. G. King. 1999. Periodic release and manipulation of natural enemies. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 11, p. 253-269, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Etzel, L. K. & E. F. Legner. 1999. Culture and Colonization. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher, Jr. (eds.), Chapter 7, p. 125-197, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Federici, B. A. 1999. A perspective on pathogens as biological control agents for insect pests. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 18, p. 517-547, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Federici, B. A. 1999. Bacillus thuringiensis in biological control. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 21, p. 575-592, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Fisher, T. W. & L. A. Andres. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 6, p. 87-101., Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Flaherty, D. L. & L. T. Wilson. 1999. Biological control of insects and mites on grapes. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 33, p. 853-869, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Franz, J. M. 1961. Biologische Schädlingsbekampfung. Paul Parey, Berlin & Hamburg. 302 p.

Flint, M. L. & S. H. Dreistadt. 1998. UCDR, Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London. 154 p.

Flint, Mary Louise & Robert van den Bosch. 1977. A source book on integrated pest management. illustrations by Lisa Haderlie. Plenum Press, NY.

Flint, Mary Louise & Robert van den Bosch. 1978. Introduction to integrated pest management. Plenum Press, NY.

Franz, J. M. (ed.). 1986. Biological Control of Plant Pests and of Vectors of Human and Animal Diseases. Fort. der Zool. Bd. 32: 341 p.

Franz, J. M. & A. Krieg. 1972. Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfung. Paul Parey, Berlin & Hamburg. 208 p.

Franz, J. M. 1973. Biologische Schädlingsbekampfung. Naturwiss. Rundschau 26(10): 427-436.

Franz, J. M. & A. Krieg. 1976. Biologische Schädlingsbekampfung, 2 Auflage. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin u. Hamburg. 222 p.

Fry, J. M. 1989. Natural Enemy Databank. C.A.B. Internatl., UK. 192 p.

Fulbright, D. W. 1999. Hypovirulence to control fungal pathogenesis. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 25, p. 691-697, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Garcia, R. & E. F. Legner. 1999. Biological control of medical and veterinary pests. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher, Jr. (eds.), Chapter 15, p. 935-953, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Goeden, R. D. & L. A. Andrés. 1999. Biological control of weeds in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 34, p. 871-889, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Goldsworthy, G. J. & W. M. Blaney. 1992. Physiological Entomology. Blackwell Scien. Publ., Oxford.

Gordh, G. & J. W. Beardsley. Taxonomy and Biological Control. 1999. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher, Jr. (eds.), Chapter 3, p. 45-55, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Gordh, G., E. F. Legner & L. E. Caltagirone. 1999. Biology of parasitic Hymenoptera. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher, Jr. (eds.), Chapter 15, p. 355-381, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Greathead, D. J. (ed.). A Review of Biological Control in Western and Southern Europe. Tech. Commun. No. 7, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, Slough SL2 3BN, England. 182 p.

Gutierrez, A. P., L. E. Caltagirone & W. Meikle. 1999. Evaluation of Results. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 10, p. 243-251, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Hagen, K. S. & J. M. Franz. 1973. A history of biological control. In: History of Entomology. Ann. Rev., Inc., Palo Alto, Calif. p. 433-476.

Harley, K. L. S. & I. W. Forno. 1992. Biological Control of Weeds: a Handbook for Practitioners and Students. Inkata Press, Melbourne. 88 p.

Hoddle, M. S. 1999. Biological control of vertebrate pests. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 38, p. 955-973, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Hokkanen, H. M. T. 1986. Success in classical biological control. CRC Crit. Rev. in Plant Sciences 3(1): 35-72.

Hornby, D. (ed.). 1990. Biological Control of Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens. C.A.B. Intern. Press. 496 p.

Howard, L. O. 1926. The parasite element of natural control of injurious insects and its control by man. J. Econ. Ent. 19: 271-282.

Huffaker, C. B. 1959. Biological control of weeds with insects. Ann. Rev. Ent. 4: 251-276.

Huffaker, C. B. (ed.). 1971. Biological Control. Plenum Press, New York & London. 511 p.

Huffaker, C. B. (ed.). 1980. New Technology of Pest Control. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 500 p.

Huffaker, C. B. & P. S. Messenger (eds.). 1976. Theory and Practice of Biological Control. Academic Press, New York, London. 788 p.

Jackson, T. A. & T. R. Glare (eds.). 1991. Use of Pathogens in Scarab Pest Management. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 298 p.

Jepson, P. C. (ed.). 1989. Pesticides and Non-Target Invertebrates. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 240 p.

Johnson, M. W. & B. E. Tabashnik. 1999. Enhanced biological control through pesticide selectivity. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 13, p. 297-317, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Julien, M. H. (ed.). Biological Control of Weeds: a World Catalogue of Agents and Their Target Weeds, 3rd ed. CAB Internatl., Wallingford, Oxon, UK. 160 p.

Kelleher, J. S. & M. A. Hulme. 1984. Biological Control Programmes against Insects and Weeds in Canada 1969-1980. C.A.B. Internatl., UK. 410 p.

Kennett, C. E., J. A. McMurtry & J. W. Beardsley. 1999. Biological control in subtropical and tropical crops. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 713-741, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Kogan, M., D. Gerling & J. V. Maddox. 1999. Enhancement of biological control in annual agricultural environments. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 30, p. 789-817, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Knipling, E. F. 1992. Principles of Insect Parasitism Analyzed From New Perspectives. Practical Implications for Regulating Insect Populations by Biological Means. U. S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Res. Service, Agric. Handbk. No. 693. 337 p.

Leather, S., K. Walters, N. Mills & A. Watt (eds.). 1993. Individuals, Populations and Patterns in Ecology. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 440 p.

Legner, E. F. 1985. Invertebrate predators other than insects. In: "Biological Control of Mosquitoes," Chap. 6, pp. 46-50 (H. C. Chapman, ed.). Bull. No. 6, Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc. 218 p.

Legner, E. F. 1986. Importation of exotic natural enemies. pp. 19-30. In: Franz, J. M., "Biological Control of Plant Pests and of Vectors of Human and Animal Diseases." Fort. der Zool. Bd. 32: 341 p.

Legner. E. F. 1995. Host specificity patterns and determinants in hymenopterous parasitoids: constraint to the use of new associations. In: Paper No. 62, Abstracts 13th International Plant Protection Congress, The Hague, The Netherlands, 2-7 July 1995. European J. Plant Pathology, Kluwer Academic Publ.

Legner, E. F. 2000. Biological control of aquatic Diptera. p. 847-870. Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 1, Science Hearld, Budapest. 978 p.

Legner, E. F. & T. S. Bellows, Jr. 1999. Exploration for natural enemies. In: Bellows, T. S., Jr. & T. W. Fisher, (eds) 1999. Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

Legner, E. F. & R. D. Sjogren. 1984. Biological mosquito control furthered by advances in technology and research. J. Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc. 44(4): 449-456.

Legner, E. F., R. D. Sjogren & I. M. Hall. 1974. The biological control of medically important arthropods. Crit. Rev. Environ. Control 4(1): 85-113.

Legner, E. F. & T. S. Bellows, Jr.. 1999. Exploration for natural enemies. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 5, p. 87-101., Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Letourneau, D. K. & M. A. Altieri. 1999. Environmental management to enhance biological control in agroecosystems. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 14, p. 319-353, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Luck, R. F. 1981. Parasitic insects introduced as biological control agents for arthropod pests. CRC Handb. of Pest Management in Agric. 2: 125-284.

Luck, R. F., L. Nunney & R. Stouthamer. 1999. Sex ratio and quality in the culturing of parasitic Hymenoptera: a genetic and evolutionary perspective. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 23, p. 653-671, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Lyal, C. H. C. & J. LaSalle. 1992. Systematic Entomology. Blackwell Scien. Publ, Oxford.

Mackauer, M., L. E. Ehler & J. Roland (eds.). 1990. Critical Issues in Biological Control. VCH Publ. Co., New York. 330 p.

Natural Enemy Handbook. 1998. University of California, DANR Pub. No. 3386; Oakland, CA. 164 p.

Nechols, J. R., L. A. Andres, J. W. Beardsley, R. D. Goeden & C. G. Jackson. 1995. Biological Control in the Western United States. Univ. of Calif., Div. Agr. & Nat. Res., Publ. 3361. 356 p.

Oncüer, C. A. 1991. A Catalogue of the Parasites and Predators of Insect Pests of Turkey. Ege Üniv., Ziraat Fak, Izmir-Bornova, Turkey. 354 p.

Otto, D. & B. Weber (eds.). 1992. Insecticides-- Mechanism of Action and Resistance. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 405 p.

Parrella, M. P., L. Stengård Hansen & Joop Van Lenteren. 1999,. Glasshouse environments. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 31, p. 819-839, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Patterson, R. S. & D. A. Rutz (eds.). 1986. Biological Control of Muscoid Flies. Misc. Publ. Ent. Soc. Amer. 62: 174 p.

Pavis, C. & A. Kermarrec (eds.). 1991. Rencontres Caraibes en Lutte Biologique. Les Colloques de lINRA 58. 569 p.

Perkins, J. H. & R. Garcia. 1999. Social and economic factors affecting research and implementation of biological control. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 40, p. 993-1009, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Price-Jones, D. & M. E. Solomon (eds.). 1974. Biology in Pest and Disease Control. The 13th Symposium of The British Ecological Society, Oxford, 4-7 January 1972. John Wiley & Sons, NY. 398 p.

Price, P. W. (ed.). 1974. Evolutionary Strategies of Parasitic Insects and Mites. Plenum Press, New York & London. 224 p.

Prior, C. & C. Lomer (eds.). 1992. Biological Control of Locusts and Grasshoppers. C.A.B. Internatl., UK. 416 p.

Ridgway, R. L. & S. B. Vinson 1977. Biological Control by Augmentation of Natural Enemies. Plenum Press, N.Y. & London. 480 p.

Rosen, D. (ed.). 1993. Readings in Biological Control. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 530 p.

Rosen, D. (ed.). 1993. Advances in the Study of Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 350 p.

Rosen, D., F. D. Bennett & J. L. Capinera (eds.) 1993. Pest Management in the Subtropics: Integrated Pest Management-- A Florida Perspecitive. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 510 p.

Rosskopf, E. N., R. Charudattan & J. B. Kadir. 1999. Use of platn pathogens in weed control. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 35, p. 891-917, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Russell, G. E. (ed.). 1989. Management and Control of Invertebrate Crop Pests. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 379 p.

Russell, G. E. (ed.). 1989. Biology and Population Dynamics of Invertebrate Crop Pests. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 411 p.

Russell, G. E. 1989. Genetical and Biochemical Aspects of Invertebrate Crop Pests. Lavoisier Publ., Newark, NJ. 372 p.

Sedlag, U. 1980. Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfung. Wiss. Taschenbücher, Biol. Akad. Verl. Berlin, 2. Aufl. 124. 199 p.

Simmonds, F. J. 1972. Approaches to biological control problems. Entomophaga 17(3): 251-264.

Stirling, G. R. 1991. Biological Control of Plant Parasitic Nematodes. C.A.B. Internatl., UK. 282 p.

Sweetman, H. L. 1936. The Biological Control of Insects. Comstock Publ. Co., Inc., Ithaca, N.Y. 461 p.

Tabashnik, B. E. & M. W. Johnson. 1999. Evolution of pesticide resistance in natural enemies. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 24, p. 673-689, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Taylor, T. H. C. 1955. Biological control of insect pests. Ann. Appl. Biol. 112: 190-196.

Thompson, S. N. & K. S. Hagen. 1999. nutrition of entomophagous insects and other arthropods. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 22, p. 594-651, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Thompson, W. R. 1939. Biological control and the theories of the interactions of populations. Parasitology 31: 299-388.

University of California. 1996. Principles and Application of Biological Control. Technical Report, University of California, Riverside, CA.

Unruh, T. R. & J. BV. Woolley. 1999. Molecular methods in classical biological control. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 4, p. 57-85, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 1988. Releases of beneficial organisms in the United States and Territories - 1981. U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Service, Misc. Publ. 1464. 323 p.

van den Bosch, R. 1978. The Pesticide Conspiracy. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford. 226 p.

van den Bosch, R. & P. S. Messenger. 1973. Biological Control. Insect Educational Publishers, N.Y. & London. 180 p.

van Driesche, R. G. & T. S. Bellows, Jr. 1996. Biological Control.. Chapman & Hall, NY. 539 p.

Vincent, C. & D. Coderre (eds.). 1992. Lutte Biologique. Lavoisier, Cachan, FR. 702 p.

Waterhouse, D. F. & K. R. Noris. 1987. Biological Control. Pacific Prospects. Inkata Press, Melbourne. 454 p.

Watt, A. D., S. R. Leather, M. D. Hunter & N. A. C. Kidd (eds.). 1990. Population Dynamics of Forest Insects. Lavoisier Publ., Inc., Newark, NJ. 408 p.

White, G. B. & A. R. Walker. Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Blackwell Scien. Publ., Oxford.

Whitten, M. J. & M. J. Hoy. 1999. Genetic improvement and other genetic considerations for improving the efficacy and success rate of biological control. In: T. S. Bellows & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Chapter 12, p. 271-295, Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. 1046 p.

Wilson, F. 1964. The biological control of weeds. Ann. Rev. Ent. 9: 255-44.