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Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Halyomorpha halys Stål. --
Hemiptera: Pentatomidae |
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The brown marmorated stinkbug is a
highly polyphagous insect that is native to Eastern Asia. The pest status of this insect stems from
feeding damage caused on a wide range of vegetable crops, fruit trees, and
ornamentals. It is also considered a
nuisance pest due to its habit of migrating seasonally into structures where
large numbers aggregate to find favorable overwintering sites. Within the last 15 years this stink bug
has established and spread throughout the Mid-Atlantic States of the United
States and is now found in portions of the West. Although no reports of damage associated with this invasive
insect have occurred in California it should be considered a significant
risk. This insect was first found in
the Western United States and Oregon in 2004. It is now established reportedly in the region surrounding
Portland, including a portion of Southern Washington. This insect has been trapped in
California, in Solano County in 2005 and many times since then in parts of
Southern California. The
insect is native to Eastern Asia, including China, Japan, and Taiwan. The first documentation of this species in
the United States was in Pennsylvania in 2001, although it was already present
in 1996. Since then it has spread
throughout Pennsylvania and is now believed to be established in at least 15
states. There
are usually two generations per year.
Adults lay a cluster of small eggs on the underside of leaves. As with other stink bugs, after hatching
juveniles pass through five nymphal instars, which show a progressive
darkening from yellow-red to brown and eventually black coloration. Adult brown marmorated stink bugs resemble
native stinkbug species, 15mm
long. It has a wide host range
of about 59 plant species, including vegetable crops, fruit trees, and
ornamental plant species. Important
crop plants at risk in California are tomato, pepper, grapevines, apple,
pear, and citrus. As with other
stinkbugs, both nymphs and adults use piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on
leaf and fruit tissue. This feeding,
that involves the injection of digestive enzymes, produces damage to both
plants and their fruit. The
stinkbug is also a nuisance pest when it overwinters in buildings. Adults abandon orchards in autumn. They usually move into nearby buildings for shelter. Although stink bugs are not a direct
threat to humans, they may release an odor, giving them their name
"stinkbug". Containment
involves chemical control of agricultural crops and preventative measures to
block entry into buildings during winter. REFERENCES:
FURTHER RELATED REFERENCES Abram, P. K.; J. Doyon,
J. Brodeur, T. D. Gariépy
& G. Boivin. 2014. Susceptibility of Halyomorpha halys
(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) eggs to different life stages of three generalist
predators. The Canadian Entomologist.
Cambridge University Press. 147 (2):
222–226 Charles, J. G.; G. A. Avila, Kim A. Hoelmer, Sophie Hunt,
Gee Robin Gardner, Frances MacDonald & Vicky Davis. 2019.
Experimental assessment of the biosafety of Trissolcus japonicus in New
Zealand, prior to the anticipated arrival of the invasive pest Halyomorpha halys. BioControl.
64 (4): 367–379 Grosso-Silva, J. M.;
H. Gaspar, S. Castro, J. Loureiro, F. Amorim & T. van
der Heyden. 2020. Confirmation of the presence of Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855)
Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in mainland Portugal. Arquivos Entomolóxicos Galegos. 22: 373–376. Hu, Chao-Chien &
Yi-Synn Shen. 2017. Irritant contact keratitis caused by the
bodily fluids of a brown marmorated stink bug. Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology. 7 (4): 221–223. Inkley, Douglas B.
2012. Characteristics
of Home Invasion by the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera:
Pentatomidae). Journal of
Entomological Science. 47 (2):
125–130. McPherson, J. E., & R. M. McPherson. 2000. Stink Bugs of
Economic Importance in America North of Mexico. Boca Raton,
Florida 253 pp. Milnes, Joshua M.; Nik G. Wiman, Elijah J. Talamas, Jay F.
Brunner, Kim A. Hoelmer, Matthew L. Buffingtonew & Elizabeth H. Beers. 2016. Discovery of an Exotic Egg Parasitoid of
the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål)
in the Pacific Northwest. Proceedings
of the Entomological Society of Washington. 118 (3): 466–470. Musolin, Dmitry L.;
Aleksandra Konjević,
Natalia N. Karpun, Vilena Ye
Protsenko, Lesik Ya & Aida Kh. Saulich. 2017.
Invasive brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål)
(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Russia, Abkhazia, and Serbia: history of
invasion, range expansion, early stages of establishment, and first records
of damage to local crops.
Arthropod-Plant Interactions. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
12 (4): 517–529. Polajnar, Jernej; et al. 2016.
Vibrational communication of the brown marmorated stink bug
(Halyomorpha halys). Physiological
Entomology. 41 (3): 249–259. Ralf
Heckmann. 2012. Erster Nachweis von
Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) für Deutschland. Heteropteron 36: 17–18. Rice, Kevin B.; Chris J. Bergh, Erik J. Bergmann, Dave J.
Biddinger, et al. 2014.
Biology, ecology, and management of brown marmorated stink bug
(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of
Integrated Pest Management. 5
(3): A1–A13. Stahl, Judith; Francesco Tortorici, Marianna Pontini, Marie-Claude Bon, Kim Hoelmer, Cristina Marazzi,
Luciana Tavella & Tim Haye.
2018.
First discovery of adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus in
Europe. Journal of Pest Science. 92
(2): 371–379. Talamas, Elijah J.;
Megan V. Herlihy, Christine
Dieckhoff, Kim A. Hoelmer, Matthew Buffington, Marie-Claude Bon & Donald C. Weber. 2015.
Trissolcus japonicus
(Ashmead) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) emerges in North America. Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 43: 119–128. Talamas, Elijah; Matthew Buffington & Kim Hoelmer. 2013.
New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae
Yang. Journal of Hymenoptera
Research. 33: 113–117. Wolfgang
Rabitsch & Georg
J. Friebe. 2015.
From the west and from the east? First records of Halyomorpha halys
(Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Vorarlberg and Vienna,
Austria. Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik. 16: 115–139. Chiappini, E., S. V. Triapitzin & A. Donev. 1996.
Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus
Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and
Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa. Journal of Natural History 30: 551-595. Triapitzin,
S. V. 1995a. The identities of Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg
parasitoid of the grape and blackberry leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
in California. Pan-Pacific Entomol.
71 (4): 250-251. Triapitzin, S. V. 1995b. A review of the Australian species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Russian Entomological Journal 4 (1-4):
105-108. Triapitzin, S.
V. 1997. The genus Anagrus
(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in America south of the United States: a
review. Ceiba (Zamorano,
Honduras) 38 (1): 1-12. Triapitzin, S.
V. 1998. Anagrus
(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg parasitoids of Erythroneura
spp. and other leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in North American
vineyards and orchards: a taxonomic review.
Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 124 (2):
77-112. Triapitzin, S. V., R. F. Mizell,
J. L. Bossart & C. E. Carlton.
1998. Egg
parasitoids of Homalodisca coagulata
(Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Florida Entomologist
81(2): 241-243. Triapitzin, S. V. & D. Strong.
1995. A new Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg
parasitoid of Prokelisia spp. (Homoptera:
Delphacidae). Pan-Pacific Entomol. 71(4):
199-203. Walker, G. P.,
N. Zareh, I. M. Bayoun & S. V. Triapitzin. 1997.
Introduction of western Asian egg parasitoids into California for
biological control of beet leafhopper, Circulifer
tenellus. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 73 (4): 236-242. |