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<table11-1.htm> Pooled References GENERAL INDEX [Navigate to MAIN MENU ]
Table 1.1.
Some
examples showing the abundance of plants and animals dependent on the presence
of one or a few
organisms in the ecosystem.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Controlled Organisms Causative Agent(s)
-- See <Detailed Cases> for discussion]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|
Phytophagous
Insects |
-------------------------------------------------------- |
|
Alfalfa
weevil in coastal California----------------------------- |
Bathyplectes curculionis (Thoms.) |
|
Apple
mealybug in Canada---------------------------------------- |
Allotropa
utilis Muesebeck |
|
Black
scale in southern California----------------------------- |
Metaphycus helvolus (Compere) |
|
Blue
gum scale in New Zealand---------------------------------- |
Rhizobius ventralis (Erichson) |
|
Brown-tail
moth in Canada---------------------------------------- |
Compsilura
concinnata (Mg.), Apanteles lacteicolor Viereck
& Meteorus versicolor |
|
California red scale in California
& Europe------------------ |
Aphytis melinus DeBach |
|
Citrophilus mealybug in
California----------------------------- |
Coccophagus gurneyi Compere |
|
Citrus
blackfly in Cuba--------------------------------------------- |
Eretmocerus
serius Silvestri |
|
Citrus
blackfly in Mexico------------------------------------------ |
Amitus
hesperidum Silvestri, Prospaltella opulenta
Silvestri |
|
Citrus
mealybug in Israel------------------------------------------ |
Clausenia purpurea Ishii |
|
Coconut
leaf mining beetle in Fiji-------------------------------- |
Pleurotropic
parvulus Ferr. |
|
Coconut
moth in Fiji------------------------------------------------- |
Ptychomyia
remota Aldrich |
|
Coconut
scale in Fiji------------------------------------------------- |
Cryptognatha nodiceps Mshll |
|
Coconut
scale in Mauritius---------------------------------------- |
Chilocorus politus Muls. & C.
nigritus Muls. |
|
Coffee
mealybug in Kenya ----------------------------------------- |
Anagyrus nr. kivuensis
(Compere) |
|
Comstock
mealybug in California------------------------------- |
Allotropa
burrelli Muesebeck & Pseudaphycus malinus Gahan |
|
Cottony-cushion
scale in >50 countries------------------------ |
Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant) &/or Cryptochaetum iceryae
(Willis.) |
|
Diamond-back
moth in New Zealand---------------------------- |
Angitia
cerophaga (Grav.) |
|
Dictyospermum scale in Greece--------------------------------- |
Aphytis melinus DeBach |
|
Florida red scale in Israel,
Florida, Africa, S. Amer ------- |
Aphytis
holoxanthus DeBach |
|
Green vegetable bug in Australia
& Hawaii------------------- |
Trissolcus
basalis (Wollaston), etc. |
|
Navel Orangeworm
-------------------------------------------------- |
Goniozus legneri,
Goniozus emigratus & Copidosomopsis plethorica Caltagirone |
|
Olive
scale in California and Europe---------------------------- |
Aphytis maculicornis (Masi) & Coccophagoides utilis Doutt |
|
Oriental
beetle in Saipan------------------------------------------- |
Campsomeris annulata Fab. |
|
Oriental
fruit fly in Hawaii---------------------------------------- |
Opius oophilus Fullaway |
|
Purple
scale in California------------------------------------------ |
Aphytis lepidosaphes Compere |
|
Red
wax scale in Japan---------------------------------------------- |
Anicetus beneficus Ishii & Yasumatsu |
|
Rhodesgrass
scale in southeastern United States----------- |
Neodusmetia
sangwani (Rao) |
|
Spiny
blackfly in Japan--------------------------------------------- |
Prospaltella
smithi Silvestri |
|
Sugarcane borer in
Barbados------------------------------------ |
Apanteles
flavipes (Cameron) |
|
Sugarcane
leafhopper in Hawaii--------------------------------- |
Cyrtorhinus mundulus (Bredd.) |
|
Tea tortrix in Sri
Lanka-------------------------------------------- |
Macrocentrus homonae Nixon |
|
Walnut
aphid in central California ----------------------------- |
Trioxys sp. from Iran |
|
Walnut
aphid in southern California--------------------------- |
Trioxys pallidus Haliday from France |
|
Winter
moth in Canada-------------------------------------------- |
Cyzenis albicans (Fall.) & Agrypon flaveolatus (Grav.) |
|
Winter
moth in England------------------------------------------- |
Small
rodents (feeding on overwintering pupae) |
|
Woolly
apple aphid in New Zealand----------------------------- |
Aphelinus mali (Hald.) |
|
|
|
|
Terrestrial
Plants |
--------------------------------------------------------- |
|
American
chestnut in eastern North America--------------- |
Endothia
parasitica (Murr.) |
|
American
elms in eastern North America-------------------- |
Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) vectoring Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman)
C. Moreau |
|
Apple
trees in Europe----------------------------------------------- |
Prospaltella perniciosi Tow attacking San Jose Scale |
|
Endemic
cedars in Bermuda-------------------------------------- |
Carulaspis visci (Schrank) & Lepidosaphes newsteadi (Sulc.) |
|
Eucalyptus
at <500 meters in South Africa------------------- |
Patasson nitens (Girault) attacking eucalyptus snout beetle |
|
Eucalyptus
at >500 meters in South Africa------------------- |
Patasson nitens, but at a higher density |
|
Klamath
weed in northwestern United States----------------- |
Chrysolina
hyperici (Forster) & C. quadrigemina
(Suffrian) |
|
Opuntia cactus in
Australia--------------------------------------- |
Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) |
|
Opuntia cactus in Sri Lanka-------------------------------------- |
Dactylopius indicus
Green |
|
Opuntia cactus on Santa Cruz Island, Calif.------------------ |
Dactylopius sp. |
|
Puncturevine
in coastal California ----------------------------- |
Microlarinus lypriformis (Woll.) |
|
|
|
|
Aquatic
Plants |
--------------------------------------------------------- |
|
Eichornia in
Florida------------------------------------------------- |
Neochetina bruchi |
|
Potamogeton the Imperial Valley, California---------------- |
Tilapia zillii (Gervais) |
|
|
|
|
Medical
& Veterinary Pests |
--------------------------------------------------------- |
|
Black
stable fly in Mauritius-------------------------------------- |
Tachinaephagus stomoxcida Subba-Rao |
|
Chironomid
midges in L.A drainage channels--------------- |
Oreochromis hornorum Trewazas & O. mossambica (Peters) |
|
Common
housefly in S. Africa & New Zealand-------------- |
Tachinaephagus zealandicus Ashmead |
|
Culex mosquitoes in California irrigation
drains----------- |
Gambusia & Cyprinodon
spp. |
|
Culex mosquitoes in California rice
fields-------------------- |
Mesostoma flatworms |
|
Housefly
and stable fly in Puerto Rico-------------------------- |
Spalangia nigroaenea Curtis, S.
cameroni Perkins & S. endius Walker |
|
|
|
|
Vertebrates |
--------------------------------------------------------- |
|
European
rabbits in Australia------------------------------------- |
Myxomytosis virus #1 |
|
European
rabbits in England--------------------------------------- |
Myxomytosis virus #2 |
|
|
|