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46. Derived from: Legner, E. F. 1967. Behavior changes
the reproduction of Spalangia cameroni, S. endius, Muscidifurax raptor, and Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae) at increasing fly host densities. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 60(4): 819-826 . {NOTE: All Muscidifurax females regularly
superparasitize their hosts (i.e., deposit more than one egg on a host
pupa). However, in gregarious
sibling species development results in the survival of more than one individual
to the adult stage. In solitary species only a single
individual survives to the adult stage.} Summary
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