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PREDATOR BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

(Contacts)

With the exception of the coccinellid beetle, Rodolia cardinalis, for cottony-cushion scale Hister chinensis for houseflies, and perhaps predatory mites, insect predators have not been successfully deployed in classical biological control. Predators usually require more than one host individual to complete their development, which distinguishes them from parasitoids, with which most classical cases of biological control have been accomplished. Native predators, nevertheless, are generally regarded with great importance for maintaining host abundance at lower levels than would be the case without their presence. Research has, therefore, frequently focused attention on predator biology and ecology for a number of agroecosystems, especially orchards, field crops and medical/veterinary entomology. Some of the more significant work setting the pattern for contemporary studies on predation is found in the accompanying references. However, an expanded treatment of predation in aquatic ecosystems may be found in the section on Medical/Veterinary Entomology, <bc-37.htm>, and of predatory mites in the sections on Biological Control by Acarina, <bc-40.htm>, and in Glasshouses , <bc-35.htm>. [Please also see <bc-71.htm> ]

[Please refer also to Selected Reviews , Staphylinidae & Detailed Research #1, #2, #3, #4 ] ]

REFERENCES: (CLICK on highlighted references to view) [Additional references may be found at MELVYL Library ]

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Abbott, C. E. 1938. The development and general biology of Creophilus villosus Grav. J. New York Ent. Soc. 46: 49-52.

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1963b Bay, E. C. & E. F. Legner. 1963. The prospect for the biological control of Hippelates collusor (Townsend) in southern California.

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1964 Bay, E. C., E. F. Legner & R. Medved. 1964. Hippelates collusor (Diptera: Chloropidae) as a host for four species of parasitic Hymenoptera in southern California. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 57(5): 582-584.

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Bombosch, S. 1963. Untersuchungen zur Vermehrung von Aphis fabae Scop. in Samenrübenbestanden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schwebfliegen (Diptera: Syrphidae). Z. angew. Ent. 52: 105-41.

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Borland, S. M. 1971. Biology and life history of Laccophilus terminalis Sharp (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), an aquatic predator of mosquito larvae. M. S. Thesis, Univ. of Calif., Riverside. 24 p.

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Bornemissza, G. F. 1968. Studies on the histerid beetle Pachylister chinensis in Fiji, and its possible value in the control of buffalo-fly in Australia. Austral. J. Zool. 16: 673-88.

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Brues, C. T. 1946. Dragonflies as predatory enemies of the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). Psyche 53: 50-1.

Brues, C. T. 1946. Insect Dietary. Harvard Univ Press, Cambridge, Mass. 466 p.

Camors, F. B., Jr. & T. L. Payne. 1973. Sequence of arrival of entomophagous insects to trees infested with the southern pine beetle. Environ. Ent. 2: 267-70.

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Case, T. J. & R. K. Washino. 1979. Flatworm control of mosquito larvae in rice fields. Science 206: 1412-14.

Cech, J. J., Jr. & A. L. Linden. 1987. Comparative larvivorous performances of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, and juvenile Sacramento blackfish, Orthodon microlepidotus, in experimental paddies. J. Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc. 3: 35-41.

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Fisher, T. W. 1963. Mass culture of Cryptolaemus and Leptomastix natural enemies of citrus mealybug. Univ. Calif. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 797. 38 p.

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