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Instructions Topic 1. Introduction to Insecta
________________ (Name) I. MATERIALS. Preserved insect material from the general insect collection is provided in the classroom. A textbook, such as Gillott, Entomology, 1995, should be handy.
II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Become familiar with the Class Insecta and distinction between insects and other closely related invertebrates. Learn a few elementary terms and Orders.
III. INTRODUCTION. The main distinguishing feature of insects is that they have ______ legs. Only Insects, birds and bats have the ability to ______, which further distinguishes them from other animals. Insects and birds also have _______ vision, which distinguishes them from other animals in the same manner human beings are distinguished from most other mammals.
The vast majority of non-insect arthropods are found in the ____________, whereas the vast majority of insects are found on or associated with land (they are terrestrial).
IV. DIRECTIONS. Define the difference between Insecta and Hexapoda:
<![endif]> All arthropods have certain features in common. Describe the most important of these.
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Name the 28 insect Orders as identified by Gillott (Entomology, 2nd ed., 1995, see page 101) by Subclass, Infraclass and Division:
Scientific Names Common Names I. Subclass Apterygota 1______________________, _____________________. 2______________________. _____________________. II. Subclass Pterygota Paleoptera 3______________________, _____________________. 4______________________. _____________________. Infraclass Neoptera Polyneoptera 5______________________, _____________________. 6______________________, _____________________. 7______________________, _____________________. 8______________________, _____________________. 9______________________, _____________________. 10_____________________, _____________________. 11_____________________, _____________________. 12_____________________, _____________________. 13_____________________, _____________________.
Paraneoptera 14_____________________, _____________________. 15_____________________, _____________________. 16_____________________, _____________________. 17_____________________, _____________________.
Oligoneoptera 18_____________________, _____________________. 19_____________________, _____________________. 20_____________________, _____________________. 21_____________________, _____________________. 22_____________________, _____________________. 23_____________________, _____________________. 24_____________________, _____________________. 25_____________________, _____________________. 26_____________________, _____________________. 27_____________________, _____________________. 28_____________________, _____________________.
Fill in the appropriate numbers from the listing on the previous page.
The various order of insects listed above are also separated into subdivisions of ametabola (___-___), hemimetabola (___-___) and holometabola (___-___). Indicate these categories by placing the proper number of the order included in the parentheses above.
Of the winged insects, the Holometabola are also termed endopterygota. Define the term endopterygota and identify the equivalent term that applies to all other winged insects (pterygota).
Endopterygota:
Nonendopterygote winged insects (pterygota) are termed: ___________________.
From the materials provided by the TA from the insect collection, describe a representative insect from each of the major orders shown below. List the scientific and common names of the insects you have chosen, if they have one. Choose one or two characteristics that help you recognize the insect as belonging to a particular Order.
Scientific Name Common Name
1. Diptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
2. Lepidoptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
3. Coleoptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
4. Odonata ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
5. Hemiptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
6. Orthoptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
7. Hymenoptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
8. Dermaptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
9. Isoptera ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
10. Phasmida ________________________ ___________________________ Description.
Only a few insects are used for insect physiology studies usually dictated by convenience or ease of rearing. Throughout this course, certain of these insects will be referred to again and again. The names of some of the more common experimental insects are given here for edification. Try to include some of them in your list above. (Order) Periplaneta americana American cockroach _____________________ Manduca sexta Tobacco hornworm _____________________ Hyalophora cecropia Cecropia moth _____________________ Locusta migratoria Migratory locust _____________________ Schistocerca gregaria Desert locust _____________________ Rhodnius prolixus Assassin or Triatomid bug _____________________ Musca domestica Housefly. _____________________ Sarcophaga bullata Blowfly. _____________________ Apis mellifera Honey bee. _____________________ Tenebrio molitor Yellow mealworm. _____________________ Carausius morosus Indian stick insect. _____________________ Thermobia domestica Firebrat. _____________________ Mantis religiosa Praying mantis _____________________ Acheta domesticus House cricket _____________________ Myzus persicae Green peach aphid _____________________ Bombyx mori Silkworm _____________________ Danaus plexippus Monarch butterfly _____________________ Oncopeltus fasciatus Milkweed bug _____________________ Drosophila melanogaster Vinegar fly _____________________ Culex pipiens Common mosquito _____________________ Trichoplusia ni Cabbage looper _____________________ Spodoptera exigua Beet armyworm _____________________
On the line to right of the insects listed above, put the Order they belong to.
V. SUMMARY ANALYSIS. Describe in your own words what you have learned from this exercise.
VI. REFERENCES. Gillott, C. Entomology, 1995, 2nd ed., Plenum, New York, NY.
Common Names of Insects and Related Organisms, 1989, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, Committee on common Names of Insects. _________________ (Name) |
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